KUPEZEKA NDIKO KUPANDA KWA KARTING

Kuti karting ifalikirenso, tiyenera kubwereranso ku mfundo zina zoyambirira, monga kuphweka.Zomwe kuchokera pamalingaliro a injini zikuwonetsa injini yokhazikika yoziziritsa mpweya nthawi zonse

ndi M. Voltini

Sizodabwitsa kuti injini ya kart yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya imayimiridwa pachikuto cha buku lofunikira la ma 2-stroker, monga "High Performance Two-stroke Engines" lolemba Massimo Clarke.

M'gawoli, tafotokozera nthawi zambiri momwe imodzi mwa "conditio sine qua non" yobwereranso pakukulitsa kokwanira kwa karting yoyambira, yomwe ndi mtundu wotchuka kwambiri, wapansi, ndikutengera zina mwamalingaliro amtunduwu. galimoto.Kuyambira ku kuphweka: mbali yomwe yokha imakokera ena ambiri pamodzi nawo, onse abwino.Poyamba, kart yosavuta imakhalanso yopepuka ndipo motero imakhala ndi magwiridwe antchito;kapena imalola ngakhale madalaivala olemera kwambiri kuti azitha kuthamanga mopikisana, ndi kulemera kocheperako komweko.Mbali ina yomwe nthawi zambiri sichimaganiziridwa momwe iyenera kukhalira ndi yakuti kart yopepuka imakhudza matayala pang'ono, imawagogomezera pang'ono, kotero kuti amasunga ntchito yawo motalika komanso amakhala ndi makhalidwe ena omwewo, ndi ubwino wokhudzana ndi zachuma.Zotsirizirazi, kuwonjezera apo, zimachulukitsidwa ndi kuphweka kothandiza chifukwa chosavuta kuti zomwe palibe… sizimawononga ndalama!Pomaliza, pali zinthu zakutali kwambiri zomwe kart yosavuta ndiyosavuta kuyiyendetsa, chifukwa chake imatha kubweretsa anthu ambiri okonda njanji, osati ophunzira a uinjiniya okha kapena omwe angakwanitse kumakanika apadera.

NJINI ZA AIR-COOLED KART AMAPEREKA KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO KUGWIRITSA NTCHITO KWAMBIRI, NGATI NTCHITO ZOTSATIRA TSOPANO ZAMAZIZIRA NDI ZOPHUNZITSIDWA KWAMBIRI NDIPO NDIPONSO NDI ZOSAVUTA.

KUKONGOLA KWA MPELE

M'mbuyomu, tasanthula momwe magulu opambana komanso ochita bwino kwambiri ndi omwe amapereka ma injini osavuta kugwiritsa ntchito komanso osavuta kuyendetsa, osati omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri.Otsatirawa ndiabwino m'magulu apamwamba, opambana a Cik/ Fia.Ndikoyenera kunena kuti, pamene injini za "mpikisano wapadziko lonse" zidaperekedwa, sizinadutse "pansi": izi ndi zomwe zinachitika mwachitsanzo ndi KFs ndi OKs.Pamene injini yoyenera kwa thupi lalikulu la madalaivala kart anaikidwa, monga 125 ndi gearbox osasunthika, decompressed ndi carburetor muyezo, izi zinali ponseponse kuti anali ndi zotsatira pa KZ World Championship.Chifukwa chake kuti injiniyo iyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe a kuphweka, pakadali pano tiyang'ana pa chinthu chomwe chili maziko a mbali iyi: kuziziritsa mpweya.Wina angatulutse mphuno zawo, koma m'malingaliro athu, pankhani ya karting, kuziziritsa kwa mpweya kumakhalabe ndi chifukwa chomveka chokhalirapo, kuyambira ndendende kuchokera ku kuphweka komwe kumatsimikizira.Kuphatikiza apo, ngati zili zowona kuti kuziziritsa kwamadzi kumatsimikizira malo abwino ogwirira ntchito kwa injini komanso ndiukadaulo wochulukirapo, m'chowonadi sitikudziwa kuti kulingalira kumeneku kumagwira ntchito bwanji pamainjini a kart.Aliyense amene alibe zotchingira atha kuwona momwe mu injini za kart (kupatulapo Rotax Max) makonzedwe a makina oziziritsira madzi amasokonekera kwathunthu: ma radiator akulu poyerekeza ndi kusamuka (chizindikiro, chotsika kwambiri). Kuchita bwino), mabwalo a hydraulic okhala ndi zidutswa za 7 za chitoliro (ndi zomangira 14 zomangika…), kufunikira kosintha chinsalu pa radiator ndi dzanja, ndi zina zotero.Mfundo yakuti kokha mu karting sikunatheke kupanga makina ozizira amadzimadzi omwe amadziwongolera okha kutentha komanso omwe ali ndi mapaipi awiri okha (imodzi yopita kutsogolo ndi imodzi yobwerera) pakati pa injini ndi radiator, ziyenera kutipangitsa kuganiza (zoipa). ).

ZOYENERA TEKNOLOGY

Ena angafune kuti tikhulupirire kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kuziziritsa mpweya pa injini ya kart ndichinthu chomwe chimachepetsa kutchuka kwake, koma sitivomereza.Kupatulapo kuti ngati ngakhale lero magulu ambiri a kart akugwiritsabe ntchito mtundu uwu wa injini, payenera kukhala chifukwa, ndipo tilinso ndi chitsanzo kwambiri: buku "High performance-two sitiroko injini" lolembedwa ndi Massimo Clarke.Mu "Baibulo" laling'ono ili la mafani a nkhaniyi, kwenikweni, injini za kart zoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya zimayimiridwa ngati kusintha kwakukulu kwamtunduwu.Mochuluka kwambiri moti imodzi mwa injiniyi imayikidwanso pachivundikirocho: ndithudi, pamenepa, kukhalapo kwa valve yozungulira yomwe imayikidwa kutsogolo kumawerengera kuposa zonse, koma zikuwoneka bwino kwa ife kuti mwachiwonekere, kukhalapo kwa kuzizira. zipsepse sanali kuimira zoipa.Mulimonsemo, aliyense amene wakhala akulendewera m'munda wa injini kwa kanthawi amadziwa bwino kuti kokha pamene kunja kapena kutentha kwa mpweya kulidi pamwamba pangakhale malire mu kuzizira kwa mpweya, kumapeto kwa mpikisano.Komabe, palibe chomwe sichingathetseke kapena chosokoneza: ingokumbukirani mchitidwe wakale wotseka cholowera ndi dzanja lanu nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muonjezere mafuta mu injini, ndikuzizira komanso mafuta.Ndipo wolembayo amadziwa bwino, pokhala ku Italy adadzipeza akuthamanga maulendo angapo pamasiku ndi kutentha kwa 40 ° C. Komanso, ndilole, ngati akufuna kutipangitsa kukhulupirira kuti kuzizira kwa mpweya kumabweretsa mavuto, zikutanthauza kuti iwo akutsekera dala maso awo ku mavuto ena ambiri amene injini zoziziritsa madzi m’malo mwake zimapatsa, kuphatikizapo malamba, kuchucha madzi, kutentha kumene kumakwera ngati simukulabadira zida za chiwongolero, ndi zina zotero.Osatchula mtengo wake.

Magulu ambiri otchuka, monga Easykart (koma si okhawo), akugwiritsabe ntchito injini zoziziritsa kukhosi.Kumanja, chitsanzo cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya injini zopangidwa ndi PRD, zomwe zimaperekanso zitsanzo zosavuta komanso zotsika mtengo kwambiri za aircooled, zokhala ndi kapena opanda clutch ndi magetsi oyambira.

WANSE KUPEZEKA

Popeza tayala maziko kuti timvetsetse kuti injini yoziziritsidwa ndi mpweya idakali yoyenera kwa karts, tiyeni tiwone momwe zinthu zilili.Popanda kuganizira za injini za Minikart koma ndi "akuluakulu" okhawo, tikhoza kuona mosavuta kuti pali magulu omwe amatengera injini zoziziritsa mpweya bwino komanso popanda mavuto okhudzana ndi kuzizira: imodzi pamwamba pa zonse (koma osati yokhayo) ndi Easykart.Osaiwala kuti pali zochitika zakomweko zomwe zimawona magulu akuluakulu akuyendetsedwa ndi injini zamtunduwu, monga TKM ku UK kapena Raket ku Scandinavia.Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, opanga injini zazikulu zaku Europe akadali ndi mitundu ya injini zoziziritsa mpweya m'mabuku awo omwe angatengedwe ndi mndandanda wapadziko lonse lapansi, womwe chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo azachuma amakhala ndi kupambana kwina, ngakhale kumangotengera madera ena.Kuchokera pamalingaliro awa, vuto lenileni ndilakuti oyang'anira masewera apadziko lonse lapansi samawoneratu magulu "okhazikika" okhala ndi injini yamtunduwu.Zomwe, ngati sizinali zomveka sizikanapangidwanso, sichoncho?M'malo mwake… Chitsanzo chomwe tikufuna kuwunikira ndi wopanga waku Australia wa PRD, yemwe popanga injini yake ali ndi ma singlespeeds osiyanasiyana 100 ndi 125, onse amadzimadzi komanso oziziritsidwa ndi mpweya.Mndandanda womwe ungathe kusinthidwa m'njira zambiri, pazomangamanga zosiyanasiyana: doko la pistoni kapena valavu ya bango, kuyendetsa molunjika kapena centrifugal clutch, kuyambitsa kwamagetsi kapena ayi ... pali zosankha zambiri.Zomwe tikufuna kuwunikira, komabe, ndikuti mitengo yomwe amalowetsa ku Austrian ndi yochititsa manyazi (kwa ena): imachokera ku ma euro ochepera 1,000 (carburetor ndi muffler kuphatikiza) pa injini yosavuta kwambiri, doko la pistoni la 100/125 ndi Kuyendetsa molunjika kuchokera ku 17/21 hp, mpaka ma euro osakwana 2,000 pakusintha kwa bango loziziritsidwa ndi mpweya wokhala ndi choyambira chamagetsi ndi clutch yapakati, yokhala ndi pafupifupi 23 hp.Ma HP komanso okwanira pagulu lomwe timalankhula nthawi zambiri kuti pazachuma ndi magwiridwe antchito (komanso zosangalatsa) ziyenera kuyikidwa pakati pa renti / kupirira ndi kuthamanga komwe kulipo.

OPANGA IJININE AMBIRI AKALI NAWO, M'NKHANI YAWO, MAUTI OZIZITSIDWA NDI MWEYA AMENE AMAKONZERA M'magulu OSIYANASIYANA PADZIKO LONSE.

ZOCHITIKA ZAMBIRI

Mwachidule, m'malingaliro athu, pali malo a gulu limodzi kapena angapo a kart omwe amadziwika ndi Cik / Fia okhala ndi injini zoziziritsa mpweya ndikukhazikitsidwa kuti alimbikitse kutchuka kwamasewerawa padziko lonse lapansi.Tikufunanso kuwonjezera kuti kuganizanso karting mwanjira iyi kumatha kumasula kapena kumasula malingaliro ena ndikubweretsa phindu lina kuchokera pamalingaliro aukadaulo.Mwachitsanzo, titha kuganiza za injini yokhala ndi zipsepse "zotsekeredwa", yomwe ili ndi zotengera zam'mbali (komanso pamutu) zomwe poyendetsa mpweya zimathandizira kuzirala ndikuchepetsa phokoso.Ngati tiganiza kuti injini yoyendetsa molunjika ndi yosavuta komanso yosinthika (pambuyo pake, ifenso timakhulupirira kuti choyambira cha "100-style" sichilinso chokwanira, m'zaka za chikwi chachitatu) timayitanabe mphamvu zomwe zimayenera kusankha. ubongo wawo ndikupeza njira ina yoyambira magetsi (nthawi zonse zovuta komanso zovuta) popeza mtundu wokankhira suyimira vuto ndi KZ.Kuphatikiza pa ma decompressors monga omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu OK, omwe sagwira ntchito mwangwiro koma chifukwa chakuti ali ndi kukula koyipa, njira zatsopano za centrifugal clutch zitha kuphunziridwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti karts ikhale yosavuta kuyendetsa komanso yamakono nthawi imodzi.Zomwe zimabwera m'maganizo, mwachitsanzo, ndi clutch yomwe imalolabe kukankha.Si zosatheka: analipo, mwachitsanzo, pa Honda Super Ana (ogulitsa magalimoto awiri amagudumu konse) zikomo kwa njira imodzi olowa kuti analola kukankha- kuyambira pa nkhani ya mavuto ngakhale kukhalapo kwa zowalamulira basi.Kapena mutha kusintha clutch yachikale ya singlespeed centrifugal kuti igwire ntchito pamanja pakafunika, kutanthauza poyambira, pakachitika ma spin kapena kungoyenda mosavuta paddock.Kuthekera kulipo: zomwe zimafunika ndikungoganizira.Ndipo mwina zingakhale bwino kuti wina achite izi tsopano aku China asanaganize za izi… kapena ayi?Ichinso ndi gawo loti tiganizirepo.

kart wamba kuyambira koyambirira kwa 90s: kuphweka kopanga kumawonekera.Pansipa, Raket 120ES, yomwe ikubweretsa filosofi ya Minikart ku 120cc (ndi 14hp) imapereka chisangalalo chachuma ndikukankhira gulu loyamikiridwa ku Finland.

KUPHUNZIRA MAINJININ WOZIZIDIKA MWA “STATE OF THE ART” KUKUTHANDIZANI KUGANIZIRA BWINO KARTING, KUPANGALIRA ZINTHU ZINTHU ZINTHU ZINA ZINA.

Nkhani yopangidwa mogwirizana ndiMagazini ya Vroom Karting